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УДК 631: 4

Masilionytė L., Maikštėnienė S.

THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON BIOGENIC ELEMENTS IN GRAIN YIELD OF FIELD PEA

Joniškėlis Experimental Station of the  Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry

 

Abstract. Field experiments were conducted during 2006–2009in the Joniskelis Experimental Station of the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. The objective of this study was to estimate the effects in organic and sustainable farming systems where used the different fertilizers in soil, with low (1.98–2.01 %) and moderate (2.10–2.40 %) humus status on the grain yield of field pea.

It was found that in the cropping systems alternative to the intensive cropping system, set up on a gleyic Cambisol with a different humus status biomass of catch crops are a significant reserve of biogenic elements for the productivity of crop rotation plants. The highest organic matter and biogenic elements’ contents in the biomass of catch crops were accumulated when white mustard had been grown in a mixture with buckwheat or as a sole crop, compared with oil radish grown with long-day plants - narrow leaved lupine. On clay loam, due to phosphorus shortage, narrow-leaved lupine accumulated the lowest contents of organic matter and biogenic elements. Averaged over all cropping systems with different catch crops had a more marked effect, in the soil moderate in humus and the grain yield of field pea was significantly higher compared with the low humus status soil.

Key words: low and moderate soil humus status, organic and sustainable farming systems, catch crops, biogenic elements.

Introduction. Anthropogenic activity has a clear effect on ecosystems, because it stimulates domination of components, useful for human beings. In intensive farming, fertilization system targeted at yield increase is based on the plant nutrition needs, but little attention is paid to the maintenance of ecosystem productivity (Arlauskienė, Maikštėnienė & Šlepetienė, 2011). Intensive use of chemical plant protection products and mineral fertilizers intended for crops productivity enhancement results in the atrophy of natural, self-regulation processes in soil. Rational soil management in combination with maintaining of ecological balance helps to increase fertility and to keep its potential productivity. The process of biologization in agriculture is one of the main factors, maintaining the natural productivity of soil as well as stability of ecosystem. After main crops cultivation during their post-harvest period, in order to keep remaining nutrients in the soil from migration to deeper layers of soil, catch crops are cultivated, which are the main source of organic manure (Tripolskaja, 2005; Tausojamoji žemdirbystė…, 2008). The researchers suggest that under favorable conditions the biomass of catch crops incorporated with straw into the soil start to decompose in the autumn (Lahti & Kuikman, 2003). The scientists of many countries estimated, that incorporation of catch crops biomass for green manure have different positive effect (Arlauskienė, Maikštėnienė & Šlepetienė, 2011).

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КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ:
  • "Современные проблемы и пути их решения в науке, транспорте, производстве и образовании'2011"
  • Дата: Октябрь 2011 года
  • Проведение: www.sworld.com.ua
  • Рабочие языки: Украинский, Русский, Английский.
  • Председатель: Доктор технических наук, проф.Шибаев А.Г.
  • Тех.менеджмент: к.т.н. Куприенко С.В., Федорова А.Д.

ОПУБЛИКОВАНО В:
  • Сборник научных трудов SWorld по материалам международной научно-практической конференции.